Coral RF – Technical Solutions
Coral RF – Technical Solutions Overview
Coral RF offers a comprehensive portfolio of wireless modules and RF dongles for industrial IoT, telemetry, metering, and remote control. All modules are built on proven chipsets (TI CC1310, CC1312R, CC1311, CC1314, CC1120, CC1125, CC2652, CC2538, CC2674; Semtech SX126x and SX1280 series; Silcon Labs Si4463) and are optimized for real‑world RF environments.
1. Frequency Bands & Modulations
| Band | Supported Modulations | Typical Use Cases |
|---|---|---|
| 169 MHz | (G)FSK, LoRa | Smart metering (water/gas), rural telemetry |
| 433 MHz | (G)FSK, MSK, OOK, LoRa | Industrial remote control, home automation, IoT |
| 470–510 MHz | (G)FSK, LoRa | China smart grid, electric metering |
| 868 MHz | (G)FSK, MSK, LoRa, (G)MSK | European telemetry, smart city |
| 915 MHz | (G)FSK, LoRa, FHSS | North American IoT, agriculture |
| 2.4 GHz | IEEE 802.15.4 (Zigbee), proprietary 2.4 GHz FHSS | Mesh networking, building automation |
LoRa (Sub‑1GHz only): Spreading factors SF5–SF12, bandwidth 7.8–500 kHz.
Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum (FHSS): 50+ channels, pseudo‑random hop sequence, dwell time programmable (10–400 ms).
GFSK shaping: BT = 0.3…1.0, deviation programmable.
2. RF Performance Parameters
| Parameter | Value Range (typical) |
|---|---|
| RX Sensitivity | –148 dBm (LoRa, SF12, BW 125 kHz) |
| –124 dBm (FSK, 1.2 kbps) | |
| –102 dBm (Zigbee, 250 kbps) | |
| Max Output Power | +37 dBm (Sub‑1GHz) / +30 dBm (2.4 GHz) |
| Link Budget | Up to 170 dB |
| Data Rate | 0.3 kbps – 4000 kbps (Sub‑1GHz GFSK) |
| 0.018 – 62.5 kbps (LoRa) | |
| 250 kbps (Zigbee) / up to 2 Mbps (proprietary 2.4 GHz) | |
| Adjacent Channel Rejection (ACR) | > 60 dB @ ± 1 MHz (FSK, 12.5 kHz BW) |
| Blocking (CW) | > 90 dB @ ± 10 MHz (Sub‑1GHz) |
| Phase Noise | –138 dBc/Hz @ 1 MHz offset |
3. Low‑Power Architecture
Deep sleep mode (RTC on): < 1 µA (typical 0.7 µA)
Idle (wake‑on‑radio): 0.9 – 1.5 mA (configurable polling)
RX current: 5.5 mA (Sub‑1GHz, 1.2 kbps GFSK) / 6.5 mA (2.4 GHz Zigbee)
TX current: 18 – 1500 mA (depending on output power, +10 to +37 dBm)
Fast wake‑up: < 200 µs from sleep to RX/TX ready
Duty cycling examples:
1‑second wake‑on‑radio, 0.1% duty cycle → average current < 10 µA (ideal for battery‑powered sensors)
Continuous RX for latency‑sensitive applications: ~6 mA
4. Security Features
Hardware encryption engines:
AES‑128 / AES‑256 (CCM, ECB, CBC, CTR)
SHA‑1, SHA‑256
CRC hardware accelerator
Key management:
Secure key storage in dedicated NVM (128‑bit key)
Anti‑tamper detection (optional external sensor)
Network security:
Zigbee 3.0 compliant security (APS, NWK, MAC layers)
Custom FHSS with rolling key for anti‑jamming
Secure boot (on modules with integrated MCU, e.g., CC1312R)
5. Protocol Stacks & Software Support
| Module Family | Type | Supported Stacks / Protocols |
|---|---|---|
| CC1310 | Sub‑1GHz Wireless MCU | 6LoWPAN, Wireless M‑Bus (EN 13757), TI 15.4 Stack (Sub‑1GHz), SimpleLink SDK, proprietary (G)FSK/LoRa |
| CC1311R3 | Sub‑1GHz Wireless MCU | IEEE 802.15.4g, 6LoWPAN, mioty, TI 15.4‑Stack (Sub‑1GHz), Wireless M‑Bus, proprietary systems |
| CC1312R | Sub‑1GHz Wireless MCU | 6LoWPAN, Wireless M‑Bus (EN 13757), TI 15.4 Stack (Sub‑1GHz), SimpleLink SDK, proprietary (G)FSK/LoRa |
| CC1314R10 | Sub‑1GHz Wireless MCU | Wi‑SUN, IEEE 802.15.4g, 6LoWPAN, Wireless M‑Bus, MIOTY, TI 15.4‑Stack (Sub‑1GHz), proprietary systems |
| CC1120 / CC1125 | Sub‑1GHz High‑Performance Transceiver | Proprietary (G)FSK / MSK / OOK, custom MAC (no higher‑layer stacks) |
| CC1200 | Sub‑1GHz Transceiver | Proprietary (G)FSK / MSK / OOK, custom MAC |
| CC1352 | Dual‑band (Sub‑1GHz + 2.4 GHz) | Same as CC1312R + BLE 5.2, Zigbee 3.0, Thread, Matter (over Thread) |
| CC2652 | 2.4 GHz Multi‑protocol MCU | Zigbee 3.0, Zigbee PRO, RF4CE, Thread, BLE 5.2, TI 15.4 Stack (2.4 GHz), Matter (over Thread) |
| CC2538 | 2.4 GHz Zigbee MCU | Zigbee 3.0, Zigbee PRO, RF4CE, TI Z‑Stack |
| SX126x series | Sub‑1GHz LoRa Transceiver | LoRaWAN (Class A/B/C), proprietary LoRa MAC, (G)FSK mode (with limited stack) |
Note:
MCU‑based modules (CC13xx, CC26xx, CC2538) support full protocol stacks + application.
Transceivers (CC112x, CC1200, SX126x) require an external host MCU to run stacks (except for simple packet modes)
6. Certifications (Pre‑approved)
All Coral RF modules are certified to reduce time‑to‑market:
FCC (US): Title 47 CFR Part 15.247 / 15.249
CE (Europe): EN 300 220, EN 300 440, EN 301 489, RED 2014/53/EU
IC (Canada): RSS‑210, RSS‑247
SRRC (China): MIIT approval for 470–510 MHz and 2.4 GHz
RoHS / REACH compliant
Modules are supplied with modular certification – direct integration without re‑testing (subject to antenna and host device conditions).
7. Detailed Technical Use Cases
A. Wireless Meter Reading (Gas/Water/Heat)
Standard: Wireless M‑Bus (EN 13757‑4) T1/C1/T2 modes
Sub‑1GHz (169 MHz, 433 Mhz, 868 MHz, 915Mhz)
Modulation: (G)FSK, 0 – 4000 kbps
Range: 1 – 30 km (open field, +10 dBm - 37dBm)
Battery life: 10+ years (1 µA sleep, daily transmission)
Encryption: AES‑128 per EN 13757‑7
B. Power Monitoring & Grid Automation
Frequency: 470–510 MHz (China) or 868/915 MHz
Topology: Star or tree (TI 15.4 stack)
Latency: < 10 ms for trip signals (prioritized traffic)
Reliability: FHSS with 3‑channel redundancy, auto‑channel blacklisting
Input: 3‑phase voltage/current samples, sync over wireless (accuracy < 1 µs)
C. Remote Control & Telemetry (Industrial)
Sub‑1GHz, 169 Mhz, 433 MHz, 868 MHz or 915 MHz
Modulation: GFSK, 10-50 kbps, FEC enabled
Range: up to 30 km line‑of‑sight (+37 dBm, –124 dBm sensitivity)
Anti‑jamming: FHSS with 32 hop sequences, dwell time 20 ms
Protocol: Proprietary with address filtering, 64‑bit device ID
D. IoT / LoRaWAN Sensors
Semtech SX1262 based modules
LoRaWAN 1.0.4 Class A (B/C optional)
Adaptive data rate (ADR) support
Sensor interfaces: I²C, SPI, UART, 12‑bit ADC, GPIO
Example: Outdoor temperature/humidity sensor → 10 km range (rural, SF12, 33 dBm)
E. Zigbee Mesh for Building Automation
CC2538 module, Zigbee 3.0
Topology: Mesh (up to 250 nodes per network)
Green Power support for energy‑harvesting switches
Interoperability: Works with Philips Hue, Amazon Echo Plus, etc.
Range per hop: 100 m indoor / 300 m LOS
8. Module Selection Quick Guide
| Application | Recommended Module | Key Feature |
|---|---|---|
| Long range, low data rate (sensors) | sx1280, SX1262‑868/915 | LoRa, –148 dBm sensitivity |
| Metering (Wireless M‑Bus) | CC131x‑868, CC1311‑169 | EN 13757 stack, ultra‑low power |
| High data rate, proprietary (500 kbps) | CC131x, 915 | GFSK, +14 dBm - 37 dBm, high blocking |
| Zigbee mesh, smart home | CC2538, CC2652, CC2674 | Zigbee 3.0, large flash/RAM |
| Cost‑effective OOK/FSK (garage, remotes) | CC1101/CC1120 ‑ 433/868 | Simple, widely used |
| Frequency hopping anti‑jamming (critical) | CC1312R‑sub1 | FHSS support, ARM Cortex‑M4 |
| Sub G Dongles | CC1310, CC1312, CC1311, CC1314 | Sub G gateway |
9. Integration Support
Development kits: Baseboard with USB‑to‑UART, breakout pins, antenna SMA/U.FL
SDK: Full source code for:
MAC layer (CSMA/CA, TDMA, FHSS)
Low‑power state machine
OTA bootloader
Hardware documents: Reference schematics, PCB layout (Gerber), antenna tuning guide
RF testing tools: Packet error rate (PER) test firmware, spectrum analyzer log export
Additional software (common to all Coral RF modules and that include an MCU, or via host on transceiver modules):
AT command set over UART (all modules)
Over‑the‑air (OTA) firmware update (bootloader + signed images)
Serial bridge mode (transparent transmission)
Packet mode with CRC, FEC, address filtering, auto‑ack, and retries
This detailed technical overview is suitable for engineering teams evaluating Coral RF modules for production‑grade IoT systems. For specific datasheets or sample code, please contact Coral RF support.
RoHS & Halogen-Free Compliance Report
This report confirms that Coral RF wireless modules meet both RoHS and Halogen-Free (HF) standards, ensuring environmentally safe materials and compliance with global regulations.
|
|
